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Core stability relates to the bodily region bounded by the abdominal wall, the pelvis, the lower back and the diaphragm , spinal extensor muscle and its ability to stabilise the body during movement. The main muscles involved include the transversus abdominis, the internal and external obliques, the quadratus lumborum and the diaphragm, errector spinae and multifidus lumbar. The diaphragm is the main muscle of breathing in the human and so breathing is important in providing the necessary core stability for moving and lifting. It is the action of these muscles contracting together upon the incompressible contents of the abdominal cavity (i.e. the internal organs or viscera) that provides support to the spine and pelvis during movement. Core stability is a body centre muscles around the naval region Typically, the core is associated with the body center of gravity, which is over the region of the second sacral vertebrae groups and stability is associated with isometric or static strength. In addition, it is the lumbar spine that is primarily responsible for posture and stability thus providing the strength needed for the stability especially utilized in dynamic sports. ==In practice== Whenever a person moves, to lift something or simply to move from one position to another, the core region is tensed first. This tension is usually made unconsciously and in conjunction with a change in breathing pattern. An example to try is to sit in a chair and to reach forward over a table to pick up a cup. This movement is first accompanied by a tension in the core region of the abdomen and can be felt by placing one hand on the abdomen as the movement is made. As the load increases the key muscles contract around the viscera, which are incompressible, to form a stable ball-like core region against which the forces are balanced in coordination with posture. In martial arts there is a saying that 'power is generated from the ground up' and core stability is necessary for the transfer of force and power from the ground across the body into any movement. It is commonly believed that core stability is essential for the maintenance of an upright posture and especially for movements and lifts that require extra effort such as lifting a heavy weight from the ground to a table. Without core stability the lower back is not supported from inside and can be injured by strain caused by the exercise. It is also believed that insufficient core stability can result in lower back pain and lower limb injuries .l. There is little support in research for the core stability model and many of the benefits attributed to this method of exercise have not been demonstrated. At best core stability training has the same benefits as general, non-specific exercise〔Kriese M, et al Segmental stabilization in low back pain: a systematic review. Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2010 Mar;24(1):17-25. Epub 2010 Mar 16〕〔Rackwitz B, et al Segmental stabilizing exercises and low back pain. What is the evidence? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2006 Jul;20(7):553-67〕〔May S, Johnson R. Stabilisation exercises for low back pain: a systematic review. Physiotherapy.2008;94(3):179-189〕〔Ferreira PH, Ferreira ML, Maher CG, et al. Specific stabilisation exercise for spinal and pelvic pain: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother 2006;52:79–88〕〔Macedo LG, Maher CG, Latimer J et al 2009 Motor Control Exercise for Persistent, Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review PHYS THER Vol. 89, No. 1, January, pp. 9-25〕 (see review by Lederman 09)〔Lederman, E. The myth of core stability. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2009, doi=10.1016/j.jbmt.2009.08.001〕 and walking.〔Smeets RJ. Do lumbar stabilising exercises reduce pain and disability in patients with recurrent low back pain? Aust J Physiother. 2009;55(2):138〕 Trunk or core specific exercise have failed to demonstrate preventative benefits against injuries in sports〔Childs JD, et al Effects of Traditional Sit-up Training Versus Core Stabilization Exercises on Short-Term Musculoskeletal Injuries in US Army Soldiers: A Cluster Randomized Trial. Phys Ther. 2010 Jul 22〕〔Helewa A, et al., 1999. Does strengthening the abdominal muscles prevent low back pain--a randomized controlled trial. J Rheumatol. 26 (8), 1808-1815〕〔Nadler SF, et al., 2002. Hip muscle imbalance and low back pain in athletes: influence of core strengthening. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 34 (1), 9-16〕 or to improve sports performance.〔Hibbs AE, et al Optimizing performance by improving core stability and core strength. Sports Med. 2008;38(12):995-1008. 〕 Although Lederman remains a figurehead skeptical favorable studies that exist to support the role of core stabilization in protecting the spine from unnecessary shifting and shearing of vertebral structures . The core stability model consists of passive and active stabilization structures as well as a third, often disregarded subsystem, called the neuromotor system. This vital system is required for the active structures such as muscles to provide preemptive or rather quick responses to the body's demands. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Core stability」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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